The Australian National University was established by an Act of the Federal Parliament in 1946 and is governed by a Council. Its founding mission was to be of enduring significance in the post-war life of the nation, to support the development of national unity and identity, to improve Australia's understanding of itself and its neighbours, and to contribute to economic development and social cohesion. Its mandate was to undertake 'postgraduate research and study both generally and in relation to subjects of national importance'. This national mission gives the University a distinctive relationship with the Australian Federal Government. It was Australia's only full-time research university with four initial Research Schools (Physical Sciences, Medical Research, Social Sciences and Pacific Studies). Undergraduate courses have been taught since 1960, when it amalgamated with Canberra University College.