The Academic Board of the Australian National University was formally re-established by Council in February 2012 as a Committee of Council under the Australian National University Academic Board Statute. Academic Board is tasked with ensuring the University maintains the highest standards in teaching, scholarship and research.

George Ashton was an Australian citizen born in Stuttgart, Germany, in 1890. In 1946 he was a Public Relations Officer for the Department of Post War Reconstruction. At the time of his death in 1969, he had retired from the Commonwealth Public Service and was living in Whangerai, Northland, New Zealand.

Lily Bergin was a British migrant active in the Australian labour movement. She was a member of the British Socialist Party in Liverpool before World War I. Her husband, William Bergin, was a trade unionist and active member of the Victorian Plasterers' Society.

H B Selby Australia Limited was registered in Melbourne on 11 April 1949 as a public company and holding company for the Sydney and Melbourne businesses of H B Selby & Company Pty Ltd, importers and suppliers of scientific instruments, laboratory apparatus, chemicals and industrial and process control equipment. During 1982-83, when Selbys succumbed to a triple takeover by Warburton O’Donnell, Comeng Holdings Ltd, then Australian National Industries (ANI), its operating subsidiaries were Selbys Scientific Ltd and Analite Pty Ltd. The Selby name continued through further changes of ownership until 2002, when, as part of the Biolab Group, it was finally dropped.

National Shelter was established in 1974 as a peak organisation which aims to improve housing access, affordability, safety and security for people on low incomes or who face disadvantage in the housing system. By the 1990s there was a Shelter organisation in each state and territory bringing together community groups such as tenant organisations, emergency housing services such as women's refuges, local government and charitable bodies. Members of National Shelter include state-based Shelter organisations, Homelessness Australia, the Community Housing Federation of Australia and the National Association of Tenant Organisations.

The Union of Australian Women is a national organisation formed in 1950 to work for the status and well being of women in a peaceful and environmentally safe world. It seeks to improve the lives of women through focusing on issues of equity and social justice. It also highlights the often hidden role of women in Australian society, particularly women's contribution to its economic, social, cultural and political life.

R J Pearson attended Melbourne High School and completed his education in metallurgical engineering at Melbourne Technical College. In 1937 he joined the staff of Metal Manufactures, Port Kembla where he worked in various positions including Technical Controller, Port Kembla Works; General Manager, Port Kembla Works and Group General Manager - Technical until 1980. On his retirement he was Group General Manager at Head Office in Sydney. He was a member of Wollongong University Council, chairman of the council of Wollongong Institute of Education, and became a Fellow at the University of Wollongong. He was awarded Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for services to the metallurgy industry on 26 January 1986.

Known originally as the Federated Furnishing Trade Societies of Australasia from 1909, when it was formed, by 1914 the name had been changed slightly to the Federated Furnishing Trade Society of Australasia. The Society's Federal Office was based in Melbourne with branches in Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, and the ACT. The union covered cabinet makers, French polishers, upholsterers, mattress makers, piano makers, carpet layers, furnishing drapery, wicker workers, and in Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania wood machinists and workers in the flat glass trade as well as automotive glass, baby carriages, coffins, musical instrument makers and organ makers. Operating until 1993, the Society eventually amalgamated with the Federated Brick Tile & Pottery Industrial Union of Australia and the Operative Painters' & Decorators' Union of Australia into the Construction Forestry Mining & Energy Union.

The Australian Hire Purchase Conference was established in 1958, changing its name to the Australian Hire Purchase and Finance Conference and then to the Australian Finance Conference in 1965 when it incorporated in New South Wales as a non-profit company, limited by guarantee. The AFC represents the interests and views of its member finance companies to government, conducts research on financial, economic, legal, industrial and other matters affecting the membership, issues regular AFC Notices on current market, legal or legislative developments, and maintains a nationwide education program to encourage a greater awareness of money management.

E.C. Peverill from the National Bank of Australasia in Victoria was instrumental in establishing the Bank Officials' Association in 1919. The union also covered Tasmania, South Australia and Western Australia. In Sydney the United Bank Officers' Association was formed in the same year. By 1921 the separate state unions known as the Bank Officials' Association of South Australia and the Bank Officials' Association of Western Australia had also been formed. In 1919 K.H. Laidlaw formed the United Bank Officers' Association of Queensland. While the Bank Officials' Association in Victoria was registered federally the other unions were registered in various state courts. In 1921 the Bank Officials' Association in Victoria proposed an amalgamation of all banking unions, to be organised with a federal council and state branches. However, the UBOA of New South Wales and Queensland both rejected this proposal, partly due to Sydney Smith's (the New South Wales Secretary) fears that amalgamation would mean the loss of state autonomy. Smith planned to register federally a union of bank officers from the fast growing Commonwealth Bank and to expedite this he formed the Commonwealth Bank Branch of the UBOA of NSW. This was registered in 1921 as the United Bank Officers' Association, Commonwealth Branch. In 1924 this branch refined names slightly to become the United Bank Officers' Association, Commonwealth Bank Branch. In 1930 the Commonwealth Bank Branch became a separate association altogether and was renamed the Commonwealth Bank Officers' Association. In 1954 the Bank Officials' Association proposed amalgamation at an interstate conference, and the UBOA again refused. The turning point came in 1958 when the NSW Industrial Court handed down a new award. Amalgamation talks began at an interstate conference in April 1960. In June 1963 Western Australia became a member followed shortly by South Australia but it was not until 1966 that the UBOA of New South Wales joined the Australian Bank Officials' Association as a Division to complete the amalgamation.

The Institute of Public Affairs was established in October 1942 to promote the concept of free enterprise during postwar social and economic reconstruction as a balance against proponents of the 'new social order' who advocated socialism and the nationalisation of Australian industries. The inaugural Council was drawn from the Melbourne business community and included members G J Coles, Sir Walter Massy-Greene and Sir Keith Murdoch. Charles Kemp was appointed as its Economic Adviser in 1942 and wrote the influential publication Looking Forward: A Post-war Policy for Industry. He subsequently became its Director from 1948 to 1976 and acting Director 1979 to 1982. Branches were formed in Western Australia in 1985 and in the Australian Capital Territory in 1987 and in 1992 it merged with the Perth-based Australian Institute for Public Policy. It operates as an independent, non-profit public policy research and educational institute, with specific research areas such as the environment, deregulation, workplace relations, energy, political governance, intellectual property, telecommunications, technology, housing, education, health and agriculture. It has published the IPA Review since 1947, and also publishes research papers and hosts conferences and lectures.

Stephen Charles Henningham holds a Bachelor of Arts degree with honours in history from the University of New South Wales and a PhD (1978) in South Asian Studies from the Australian National University. He taught at Monash University and the University of Melbourne before starting a career as a diplomat with the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in 1982. In 1988 he returned to the ANU as a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Pacific and South East Asian History where his research focussed on the French Pacific. He was Vice-Consul and Deputy Head of Post in Noumea 1982-1985; Analyst in the Office of National Assessments, South Pacific 1986 - 1988, and Western Europe 1995; Director, South Pacific Bilateral Section 1995 - 1997; Deputy High Commissioner in Port Moresby 1997-2000; Chief Negotiator in the Peace Monitoring Group in Bougainville 2000-2001; Consul General Ho Chi Minh City 2001-2007. He is High Commissioner to Samoa (2011 - ) and Director, Fiji and Strongim Gavman Program Section, a position he has held since June 2007.

James Wightman (Jim) Davidson was born in Wellington, New Zealand, in 1915. Davidson completed his PhD at Cambridge on trade and settlement in the South Pacific 1788–1840. In 1947 he was sent as an emissary of the New Zealand government to Western Samoa. On 1 December 1950 he became founding Professor of the Department of Pacific History at the Australian National University and Dean of the Research School of Pacific Studies. His work and publications on Samoa included Samoa mo Samoa: The Emergence of the Independent State of Western Samoa (Oxford University Press, 1967). He was a Constitutional Advisor to Samoa 1959-1961, the Cook Islands 1963, the Nauru Local Government Council 1967-1968, a Consultant to the Congress of Micronesia 1969-1973 and Constitutional Planning Committee of Papua New Guinea 1972-1973. It was during this last assignment that he died in Port Moresby on 8 April 1973.

Laurence Frederic (Laurie) Fitzhardinge was born 6 July 1908 in Chatswood, New South Wales. Fizthardinge was educated at Sydney Grammar School, the University of Sydney and New College, Oxford. He gained a BA (Hons) in Greek and Latin from Sydney, another BA (Hons), in Classics, from Oxford and BLitt from Oxford. Arriving back to Australia in the 1930s he was employed at the Parliamentary library and the National Library of Australia1934-1944 as a research clerk and librarian. During WWII Fitzhardinge was involved in the organisation of history courses for diplomatic cadets at Canberra University College. He was Reader in Sources of Australian History, Department of History, Research School of Social Sciences at the Australian National University from 1 September 1950 to 1973. During this period he wrote the political biography of William Morris Hughes. Fitzhardinge died on 31 October 1993 in Queanbeyan, New South Wales.

William Kirby Rolph, was a Research Fellow in the Department of Political Science at the Australian National University from 6 September 1953 until his death on 23 December 1953. At the time of his appointment Rolph held a Ford Foundation Fellowship in History at Tulane University, Louisiana. Rolph completed a BA with first class honours in history at the University of Toronto in 1940, and an MA from Brown University in Providence Rhode Island in 1941. During World War 2 he was assistant to the director of the Domestic Morale Branch of the Canadian Wartime Information Board in Ottawa. He completed a PhD in Canadian and American History from Brown University in 1950. Between 1944 and 1951 he taught at the University of Western Ontario, New York University and the University of Saskatchewan.

Howard Walter Florey was born on 24 September 1898 in Malvern, South Australia. Florey was educated at the Universities of Adelaide (MB, BS 1921), Oxford (MA, BSc 1924) and Cambridge (PhD 1927). He was Lecturer, Special Pathology, Cambridge University 1927-1931; Professor, Pathology, University of Sheffield 1931-1935; Professor, Pathology, Oxford University 1935-1965. From 1947-1951, Florey was a member of the Academic Advisory Committee, Australian National University and adviser to the John Curtin School of Medical Research. He was appointed to Chancellor at the ANU from 1 August 1965 to 21 February 1968. In 1945, he won the Nobel Prize for Physiology and Medicine (shared with Ernst Chain and Alexander Fleming). His fellowships and other awards include Fellow of the Royal Society (1941), first Australian President of the Royal Society (1960 – 1965), Life Peer (1965). Florey died on 21 February 1968 in Oxford, England.

Leonard George Holden Huxley was born on 29 May 1902 at Dulwich in London, England. His family migrated to Australia in 1905 and eventually settled in Tasmania. Huxley studied at New College, Oxford on a Rhodes scholarship (BA, 1925; DPhil, 1928; MA, 1929). From January 1930 to September 1931 Huxley was in Canberra as Physicist, Radio Research Board, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research. He returned to England as lecturer in physics at University College, Nottingham, then as Head of Physics, University College, Leicester 1932-1940. During the war he was Principal Scientific Officer, Ministry of Aircraft Production 1940-1946. He was appointed to Reader in Electromagnetism, University of Birmingham 1946-1949; Professor and Elder Chair of Physics, University of Adelaide 1949-1960. Huxley was a member of the council of the University of Adelaide 1953-60, and of the Australian National University 1956-59. In 1960 he was appointed to the executive of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), before he was invited to succeed Sir Leslie Melville as Vice-Chancellor of the ANU. Huxley joined the ANU on 30 September 1960. He was a Foundation Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, and the first President of the Australian Institute of Physics 1962-1965. After his retirement in 1967, Huxley was a Visiting Fellow in the Research School of Physical Sciences at the ANU 1968-1970. Sir Leonard Huxley died on 4 September 1988 in London, England.

James L O Tedder was an administrator in the Solomon Islands. In February 1952 Tedder was appointed as an Administrative Officer cadet in the British Colonial Service and was posted to the Solomon Islands. In August 1954 he was sent to the Devonshire Course in Cambridge. Confirmed in his appointment in March 1955 he was posted to Kira Kira in June as District Commissioner Eastern. In June 1960 he was appointed District Commissioner Malaita while Michael M. Townsend was on leave. A posting for six months as Assistant Secretary Social Affairs followed the six months in Malaita. Then he was posted to Western District as District Commissioner for a year. He was then posted to Honiara as District Officer Guadalcanal in October then District Commissioner Central as from January 1963. In 1967 he was promoted to Administrative Officer Grade A and awarded the MBE which was conferred by the Queen in May while on a Local Government attachment to three Councils in the UK. On 1 January 1972 Tedder was appointed to the new post of Director of Information and Broadcasting from which he retired in November 1974. While serving in Honiara he was Chair of the Tourism Authority, and at times Chair of the Copra Board. He belonged to the Broadcast Advisory, the University of South Pacific, Museum, and Library Committees. While Director of Information and Broadcasting he was responsible for helping to establish the Solomon Island Museum, the Library, and facilities to ensure that researchers placed copies of their work, whether print or film, in the archives. Mr Tedder has written several books and articles on the Solomon Islands.

The land at Lake Victoria Station was first taken up in 1847 by George Melrose and the homestead constructed in 1880. From around 1884 to 1895 the station was owned by Robert Tully and Co, and managed by J Armstrong. During the 1890s its proprietors commenced moving the activity centre of the station to the outstation Nulla Nulla, and by early 1920s most activity had been relocated to Nulla Nulla Station where stock was held. Later proprietors of the station included A M L & F Co Ltd (1897); A Armstrong (1903 - 1917); Armstrong Pty Ltd (1919 - 1925); Armstrong Pastoral Co Ltd (1927 - 1931); A Armstrong Pty Ltd (1933 - 1946); Lake Victoria Proprietors (1949 - ).

Robert Kent Wilson carried out long-term research on village industries and industrial development in Papua New Guinea. He served as a Royal Air Force pilot during the Second World War and went to the United States in 1952 on a study scholarship. He held a Master of Arts degree from London University and a PhD from the Australian National University. He became lecturer in charge of economic geography at the University of Melbourne. Wilson developed an interest in Papua New Guinea social structures on his first visit there, to New Ireland, in 1954. After 1960, he studied cottage industries, in particular those goods suitable for export and for the home market. In 1966 and 1967 he worked with the Papua New Guinea Research Unit based in Port Moresby surveying several village industries including timber milling, furniture, building materials, bakeries, pottery, matting and hand weaving. In 1972 he was a member of the group appointed by the Australian Minister for External Territories to inquire into measures to assist the less developed areas of Papua New Guinea.

Michael Young is a social anthropologist with research interests in Melanesian anthropology, particularly that of Papua New Guinea, and in the history of social anthropology. Between 1966 and 1992 he conducted fieldwork in about a dozen different locations – including Halmahera in Eastern Indonesia and Epi Island in Vanuatu – although his principal focus was Goodenough Island, Milne Bay Province, Papua New Guinea, about which he has published two monographs and some fifty articles.

Young’s research into the life and works of the founding father of British social anthropology, Bronislaw Malinowski (1884-1942), famous for his pioneering fieldwork in the Trobriand Islands, has resulted in four books and many articles. Young was elected Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia in 1986.

Born in Urmston, Lancashire, Michael Young obtained a BA Hons (1963) and MA (1965) from the University of London, followed by a PhD (1970) from The Australian National University (ANU)and an MA (1970) from the University of Cambridge. During his career at the ANU Research School of Pacific Studies (RSPAS), he was a Fellow (1974-1983), Senior Fellow (1983-1998), and latterly a Visiting Fellow (1999+).

As a consultant anthropologist, Young undertook four studies in eastern Papua New Guinea: a Social Impact Study for Oil Palm plantations in Milne Bay, Mullins Harbour and Buhutu Valley (1981); a Socio-Economic Impact Study for the Wapolu Gold Mine, Fergusson Island (1987); a Sociological Survey of Woodlark Island relating to ‘Logging versus Conservation’ (1990); a Social Mapping Study of South Normanby Island for a possible gold mine (1992).

Timothy (Tom) Tansey was born in Mt Gambier, South Australia on 20 October 1861. At age 11 he was sent to work as an assistant to a teamster working bullock teams from Edenhope in Western Victoria to Portland carting wool, salt, grain and hides. He then worked as a roustabout in a team shearing in West Victoria, and which led him to being employed as a carpenter’s mate by Worrock Station proprietor George Robinson. He worked as a seasonal shearer and also at Worrock where he met his wife Louisa Chester who was a school teacher and ladies maid to Mrs Robinson. In 1898 Tansey and his brother Hubert started their farm on a selection of land at Chetwynd on Glenelg River. Tansey and Louisa Chester married in 1900 and had three children, Ellen, John and Hubert. By 1916, after his brother Hubert’s death in 1913 and years of drought, Tansey lost all his stock and savings. In 1919 he worked as a labourer in Melbourne and took on shearing work. By 1926 Tansey was shearing fulltime. In 1930 he changed to blade shearing as he worked on a round of New South Wales, Victoria and Tasmania shearing stud stock. He retired in 1936 aged 75. Tansey died on 4 June 1941.

Elmina Station, in the Morven and Wyandra districts of Queensland, was acquired in 1894 by the Fletcher Brothers partnership consisting of Ernest Charles Fletcher, John Erling Fletcher, Eliza Lavinia Fletcher, Ida Constance Wilkinson (nee Fletcher) and Mona May Fletcher. This partnership also owned Ularunda Station near Morven, Queensland. When the partnership split in 1922, Elmina was taken by J E Fletcher & Co whose members were J E Fletcher, M E Fletcher and M M Fletcher. In 1923, the station was sold to Baker Brothers Ltd, a partnership of the brothers Herbert E, Reginald A, and Thomas O Baker.

Keith Ashley Sutton worked in the Australian Public Service and is a freelance editor. He completed a BA in Political Science from the Australian National University in 1972 and Associate Diploma in Professional Writing, University of Canberra in 1974. He worked for the Repatriation Department, Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, 1973-1975; as a Senior Research Officer and publications editor with the Department of Foreign Affairs; as editor with the Australian National Audit Office, 1985-1988. He formed KS Consulting Services in Canberra in October 1988. Sutton is author of Blueprint for the casino industry, Federal Hotels and Wrest Point (1992).

Jonathan Brown studied history, philosophy and law at the Australian National University and the University of Cambridge. He was an undergraduate representative on the ANU Council from 1978 to 1979, member and later Chairman of the Governing Body of Graduate House 1977 to 1979, a student member of the Faculty of Law, and President of the ANU Law Society 1978 to 1979. He is a former Australian diplomat and international lawyer.

The South Australian Locomotive Engine Drivers and Firemen's Association was formed around 1885. It continued to be known by this name (and later as the South Australian Locomotive Enginemen, Firemen and Cleaners' Association) despite its membership of the Federated Railway Locomotive Enginemen's Association of Australasia in 1900 and only in the 1920s identified itself as the South Australian branch of the Australian Federated Union of Locomotive Enginemen.

Joseph (Joe) Owens was born in Durham County in the north of England; his Welsh father was a coalminer. He arrived in Australia in 1958, having skipped ship as a seaman, then worked as a cane-cutter in Queensland before working as a dogman on Sydney building sites. He became a member of the Communist Party of Australia and an organiser in the New South Wales Branch of the Australian Building Construction Employees' and Builders' Labourers' Federation (ABCE&BLF). He was Secretary of the NSW Branch of the ABCE&BLF from 1973 to 1975 and along with the Branch leadership which included Jack Mundey and Bob Pringle, supported the BLF Green Bans. In 1975, Owens and other members of the NSW Branch leadership were expelled from the BLF by the federation's then federal secretary Norm Gallagher. Owens was also a Federated Engine Drivers' & Firemen's Association of Australasia (FEDFA) delegate and Senior Project Delegate of the Labour Council to the Darling Harbour Construction Project.

Counsellor to AIDS patients at St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney.

The Commonwealth Solar Observatory was established in January 1924, one of its purposes being the study of solar phenomena. By 1950 the Observatory's name had changed, becoming the Commonwealth Observatory. In 1957 the observatory located at Mount Stromlo became part of the Australian National University as the Department of Astronomy in the Research School of Physical Sciences.

Joan Rutherford researched and wrote a history of the company Cobb and Co. and published it in 1971. She was married to Norman Rutherford, grandson of James Rutherford who was a founding member of Cobb and Co.

The earliest records of the union extant are dated Dec 1901. In 1920 the union amalgamated with the Australian Bookbinders' and Paper Rulers' Federated Association, New South Wales Lithographic Association, and the Process Engravers' Union of NSW to form the Amalgamated Printing Trade Employees Union of NSW, a predecessor of the Amalgamated Printing Trades Employees Union of Australia

Aboriginal Affairs was a small Melbourne information group founded in 1957 by BR Beatty, J Claridge, J Weetman, JB Webb, LM Webb and I Spalding. Spalding was the editor of the periodical 'On Aboriginal Affairs' which set out to inform the Australian public on Aboriginal issues and to encourage readers to think in new ways about these issues. It was produced from 1962 to 1967. The group also produced a series of information papers as supplements to the periodical.

The Assembly of Captive European Nations was founded on 20 September 1954 as a coalition of representatives from nine nations (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Romania) in Central and Eastern Europe under Soviet domination after World War II. Its main office was in New York and its goals were 'to provide liberation from communist dictatorship by peaceful means, to educate public opinion on the actual situation behind the Iron Curtain, and to enlist the cooperation and assistance of governmental and non-governmental institutions'. Funding was provided by the Free Europe Committee and when that organisation suspended financial assistance in January 1972 because of its own budget reductions, the Assembly offices were closed and publication activities ceased.

Kathleen Rachel Makinson (née White) was born on 15 February 1917 in England. While studying at Newnham College Cambridge she participated in student politics in both communism and the Peace Movement, and emigrated to Australia in 1939 after marrying another physicist, Richard Elliss B Makinson. She held positions as Research Assistant in Physics at the University of Sydney 1939-1941; Assistant Lecturer at the University of Melbourne 1941-1944; CSIR (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research) Radiophysics Laboratory 1944-1945; Division of Physics at the National Standards Laboratory 1945-1950; ICI Research Fellow in Electrical Engineering at the University of Leeds 1950-1952. Makinson began her work at the CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) Division of Textile Physics in 1953, and was Senior Principal Research Scientist 1971-1977, and Chief Research Scientist 1977-1982 in the division. She was Assistant Chief, CSIRO Division of Textile Physics 1979-1982. In 1981 she was elected a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering and in 1982 was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM). She died on 16 September 2014.

Frank Ryan was born in Hazelbrook, New South Wales and in 1941 received the Intermediate Certificate from Tamworth High School. He was studying at the Hawkesbury Agricultural College when WWII intervened. On 30 June 1942, he postponed his studies and joined the RAAF. Frank’s war experience as a LAC (Leading Aircraftman) included service in the South West Pacific and in Calgary, Canada. He was discharged on 19 June 1949 and returned to his studies at the Hawkesbury Agricultural College. Frank was very keen to join the Public Service as an agricultural officer in Papua New Guinea. On 24 April 1950 he was accepted as an Assistant Agricultural Officer in the Department of External Territories, Department of Agriculture, Stock and Fisheries. Frank spent from 1950 to 1970 in Papua New Guinea where he was held in very regard by the local people. He was responsible for setting up the first commercial native-owned cocoa plantation at Rabaul and was involved in setting up rice and coffee growing in Wewak, cocoa growing in New Britain and rubber and copra production in the Gulf District. Frank Ryan retired for health reasons and returned to Australia. He died on 5 March 2000.

In 1854, Captain Thomas Stephenson Rountree and Thomas Sutcliffe Mort acquired an area at the south-western end of Waterview Bay and began excavations to create a dry dock. Mort's Dock opened in March 1855 receiving its first ship for repair. In 1867, Mort's Dock became principally an engineering facility: including the construction of steam locomotives, ship machinery, mining equipment and steel pipe for the Sydney Water Board. The Mort's Dock and Engineering Company was formed as a public company in 1872, but Thomas Mort immediately withdrew from active participation in 1973, and the management devolved to dock manager James Peter Franki. In 1875 the company was incorporated with limited liability. Ship construction and repairs continued at the dry dock and surrounds, and in 1901 the company opened a second dry dock and slipway at Woolwich to cater for commercial vessels and ferries. Mort’s Dock and Engineering Company Ltd finally closed on 12 November 1958 and in 1959 went into liquidation.

Founded in 1884, the company was formed to take over the original firm of William Adams & Company, wholesaler and distributor for construction equipment and engineering industries. Incorporated in New South Wales on 5 September 1912 William Adams and Company Limited soon became one of Australia's leading distributor's of steel and aluminium, machine tools, power transmission equipment, earthmoving and materials handling equipment, facsimile transceivers and telephone answering equipment. Following a successful bid by Tubemakers of Australia Limited, the company was removed from the Stock Exchange on 7 December 1983.

Dr Kosmas Tsokhas was a Senior Research Fellow in Economic History in the Research School of Social Sciences at the Australian National University. In 1975, he graduated Bachelor of Arts with first class honours at the University of Melbourne, where he was awarded a Master of Arts degree in 1979 and a Doctorate of Philosophy in 1983. While he undertook postgraduate research at the University of Melbourne, he was appointed Tutor, Senior Tutor and Temporary Lecturer. Dr Tsokhas first joined the Australian National University in 1983 as a Postdoctoral Research Fellow in Political Science in the Research School of Social Sciences and in 1986 he was appointed a Research Fellow in Economic History and then a Senior Research Fellow in 1990. He is an author of numerous books, articles, reviews and papers on political economy, economic history and cultural studies, including A Class Apart? Businessmen and Australian Politics 1960-1980 (Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1984); Beyond Dependence: Companies, Labour Processes and Australian Mining (Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1986); and Markets, Money and Empire: The Political Economy of the Australian Wool Industry (Melbourne University Press, Carlton, 1990).

Robert Crompton was born on 9 June 1926 in Adelaide, South Australia. In 1949 he completed a Bachelor of Science at University of Adelaide and graduated with honours and in 1954 he completed his PhD at the University of Adelaide. He was a Lecturer in Physics from 1950 to 1958 then Senior Lecturer from 1959 to 1960 at the University of Adelaide where he formed a small research group, which was invited to join the newly formed Research School of Physical Sciences at the Australian National University in Canberra. He commenced with the Australian National University as a Senior Fellow on 1 March 1961, and was responsible for setting up and running of the Electron and Ion Diffusion Unit. In 1977 he became a Professorial Fellow. On 10 July 1981 the Atomic and Molecular Physics Laboratories were formed within the Research School of Physical Sciences, comprising the Diffusion Research Unit, the Electron and Ion Diffusion Unit and the Ultraviolet Physics Unit, and he accepted appointment as the Head of Laboratories on 4 August 1981. On 31 October 1991 he retired from the Australian National University.

Robin Allenby (Bob) Gollan was born on 8 December 1917 at Woodburn, New South Wales. He was educated at Wollongong High and Fort St Boys’ School, and undertook an honours degree in Arts at Sydney University in 1939. From 1940-1942 Gollan was a teacher for the NSW Department of Education and spent time as a navigator, Royal Australian Air Force, during World War II. He completed a Master of Arts thesis and his PhD in 1951, at the London School of Economics. From 1946-1952, Gollan lectured in History at Sydney Teachers' College. From January 1953 he was a Research Fellow in the History Department, Research School of Social Sciences at the Australian National University and later promoted to Fellow, Senior Fellow and Professorial Fellow. Gollan, with Eric Fry, was a founding member of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History established in 1961 and the journal Labour History. From 1976-1982, he was Manning Clark Professor of Australian History, History Department, Faculty of Arts at ANU. Gollan died on 15 October 2007 in Canberra.

Daphne Gollan was born on 4 May 1918. She joined the Communist Party of Australia in 1938 while studying at the University of Sydney and working in the Mitchell Library in Sydney (1941-1944). From 1945-47 she worked in the Research Department of the Federated Ironworkers' Association (FIA). In 1952 her husband Bob Gollan was appointed to the Australian National University. Daphne Gollan became a cataloguer at the ANU Library (1954-1959) then archives assistant at the university (1958-1960). Gollan learnt Russian and in 1962 she was the first ANU exchange student to go to Moscow. She was a tutor in the History Department at ANU from 1966-1969. Her MA thesis of 1967, ‘Bolshevik Party Organisation in Russia, 1907-1912’, had drawn on research conducted as an exchange student to Moscow State University. She was appointed lecturer in History in 1970. She was an active feminist in the 1970s and 1980s, and a Greens candidate in the Federal elections of 1984 and 1987. Daphne Gollan died on 4 October 1999 at the age of 81.

The Canberra University College was established by the Canberra University College Ordinance (No. 20 of 1929) of 19 December 1929. In association with the University of Melbourne it provided undergraduate university education in Canberra and took its first students in 1930. Governed by a Council, there was also the Board of Diplomatic Studies 1944-c1947, from 1948 the Board of Studies, from 1951 the Library Committee, and from 1955, the Buildings and Grounds Committee, Finance and Staff Committee, and Joint Committee of the Council and the Board of Studies on the Development of the College. Sir Robert Garran was Chairman of the Council 1930–1953, succeeded by Dr Bertram Thomas Dickson 1954–1960. Professor Herbert (Joe) Burton was Principal 1948–1960 and the Registrar was Thomas Owen 1939–1960. The following departments and disciplines were represented, with many early courses taught by part-time staff: Botany, Chemistry, Classics, English, Geology, History, Law, Mathematics, Modern Languages, Oriental Studies, Pacific Studies, Philosophy, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, Statistics and Zoology. In late 1960, the CUC amalgamated (‘associated’) with the Australian National University to become the School of General Studies within the University.

The Canberra School of Music first opened in 1965 in the suburb of Manuka and the School’s foundation director was Ernest Llewellyn. In 1976 it moved to a new building in the grounds of the old Canberra High School and this building incorporated a concert theatre that was later named Llewellyn Hall. In 1977 both the Canberra Schools of Art and Music became part of the ACT Training and Further Education system. In 1987 the ACT Administration Central Office acquired responsibility for the school and in 1988 the Canberra Schools of Art and Music amalgamated to form an autonomous statutory authority, the Canberra Institute of the Arts.

The School of Art had its beginnings in the art classes of the Canberra Technical College. In 1976 the College’s Art School gained independence and was reconstituted as the Canberra School of Art. Its first Director was Udo Sellbach 1977-1985. In 1988 the Canberra Schools of Art and Music amalgamated to form an autonomous statutory authority, the Canberra Institute of the Arts which later amalgamated with the Australian National University.

In early 1988 the Canberra School of Music and Canberra School of Art merged as an autonomous statutory authority known as the Canberra Institute of the Arts. It was governed by a Board comprising the directors of the two school and Peter Karmel as part-time Executive Chairman. The Canberra Institute of the Arts amalgamated with the The Australian National University in January 1992, becoming the Institute of the Arts.

The Stock Exchange of Perth was formed to allow brokers and traders to trade stocks and bonds for companies listed in Western Australia. It formed an association with the stock exchanges in Adelaide, Melbourne, Brisbane, Sydney and Hobart called the Australian Associated Stock Exchanges but remained an independent body. These six stock exchanges amalgamated on 1 April 1987 to form the Australian Stock Exchange Limited (ASX).

The New South Wales Nurses’ Association (NSWNA) was formed in 1931 and was registered as a trade union in New South Wales on 20 November 1945. By this time it had amalgamated with the Trained Mental Nurses' Association (May, 1945). It was the registered union for all nurses in New South Wales in both public and private sectors. The membership of the Association comprised all those who perform nursing work, including Assistants in Nursing, Enrolled Nurses and Registered Nurses at all levels, including management and education. With the exception of Assistants in Nursing, the members of the NSWNA were also members of the Australian Nursing Federation (ANF), a federally registered industrial organisation, and formed the NSW Branch of the ANF. At the Association's 2012 Annual Conference the name of the organisation was changed to the New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association.

The Council of Australian Postgraduate Associations (CAPA), is the peak body representing the interests of Australia’s 320,000+ postgraduate students. Founded in 1979, CAPA is a membership based non-profit organisation. CAPA’s member organisations include 33 postgraduate associations, and the National Indigenous Postgraduate Association Aboriginal Corporation (NIPAAC).

Reginald Appleyard is Emeritus Professor of Economic History and Honorary Senior Research Fellow, UWA Business School, the University of Western Australia. Born and educated in Western Australia, he did graduate studies in economics (M.A., PhD) at Duke University, North Carolina. From 1957 to 1967 he held academic appointments at the Australian National University, Canberra, before appointment to the Foundation Chair of Economic History at UWA, a position he held until his retirement in 1992.

Author/Editor of many books and over 100 articles and reports, his main field of study is economic demography, and his specialty is international migration. He coordinated a UNFPA-funded project on Emigration Dynamics in Developing Countries (4 volumes), and from 1992 to 2002 was editor of International Migration (Geneva).

The first seamen’s unions in Australia were formed in Melbourne (1872) and in Sydney (1874). In 1876 the Melbourne Seamen’s Union and the Sydney Seamen’s Union amalgamated and, by 1880, there were seamen’s unions in all the eastern and south-eastern colonies of Australia as well as in several ports in New Zealand. The Federated Seamen's Union of Australasia was registered in 1906 under the Commonwealth's industrial relations legislation and, in 1907, Head Office was transferred from Melbourne to Sydney. Although the Federated Seamen's Union of Australasia was deregistered in 1925, in 1930 many of its members went on to form the Seamen's Union of Australasia which, in 1943, became the Seamen’s Union of Australia. Despite amalgamations with the Marine Cooks, Bakers and Butchers' Association of Australia in 1983, the Federated Marine Stewards and Pantrymen’s Association of Australasia in 1988 and the Professional Divers' Association in 1991, it remained the Seamen's Union of Australia until 1993 when it amalgamated with the Waterside Workers' Federation to form the Maritime Union of Australia.

Bryant Allen was born in New Zealand in 1944 and holds a BA and MA from Massey University (1963 – 1970). From 1971 - 1974 he studied for a PhD in the Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific Studies, at the Australian National University. He carried out fieldwork in villages around Dreikikir, East Sepik Province in 1971 and 1972 and has returned to this area many times time since.
In 1974 Bryant took up a position as Lecturer in Geography at the University of Papua New Guinea and with Andrew Wood, studied Huli agriculture in the Tari Basin, Hela Province. During 1979 he was a visitor for 4 months at the School of Development Studies, University of East Anglia, England. In 1981-82 he was consultant to the PNG Office of Environment on population growth and land use.
Bryant returned to ANU in 1982 as a Research Fellow in the Department of Human Geography, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, College of Asia and the Pacific. In 1987 he participated in a review of the AIDAB funded Magarini Resettlement Project in Coast Province, Kenya for AusAID and co-authored an analysis of this project with Doug Porter and Gaye Thompson Development in Practice, published in 1991 and republished in 2013.
From 1990 – 2009 Bryant was a Senior Fellow at ANU. With colleagues Harold Brookfield, Mike Bourke, Robin Hide and the late Geoff Humphreys he formed the Land Management Group. LMG identified, mapped and documented agriculture systems over the whole of PNG in collaboration with the GoPNG. This project had many spin-offs, including collaboration in a World Bank poverty survey of PNG and two ACIAR projects. In 1997 Bryant was co-leader with Mike Bourke of an AusAID supported a national assessment of food and water shortages in Papua New Guinea which guided Australia’s food delivery program by the ADF. When he retired in December 2009 he had been the Head of the Department of Human Geography a number of times and was the Convenor of the Division of Society and Environment. Bryant has consulted for AusAID, the World Bank, ADB and FAO. After retirement from ANU he was contracted by Esso Highlands as a Community Affairs Field Manager and Senior Advisor to the PNG LNG Project (2009-2013).
Bryant is currently a Visiting Fellow, State, Society and Governance in Melanesia Program, College of Asia and the Pacific at the ANU, and conducts his own social and economic consulting business in Canberra.

Dr. Andras Balint was a linguist based at the University of Papua New Guinea from 1965-1973, with an ongoing interest in ‘the emerging New Guinean dialect of English’, or Tok Pisin. He promoted the use of Tok Pisin in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea and amassed an extensive collection of Tok Pisin publications, mainly published by the Territory of Papua and New Guinea government and various missionary presses.

New South Wales industrial relations legislation was administered by the Attorney General until 1911, when the Minister for Labour and Industry took up this responsibility. The Department of Labour and Industry played a pivotal role in employment relations in NSW, including the regulation of working conditions and wages, and ensuring occupational health and safety in the workplace, under the Factory and Shop Act 1912. One of the key roles of the Department under the Act was to provide information and advice about working conditions, and it focused on accident prevention in the workplace, particularly industrial accidents. In 1940, the Department became the Department of Labour and Industry and Social Welfare until the mid-1950s, when the Department of Child Welfare and Social Welfare was established.

The Industrial Commission of New South Wales was established under the Industrial Arbitration (Amendment) Act on 15 April, 1926. The Commission assumed the duties and responsibilities of the Court of Industrial Arbitration and the Board of Trade. The Industrial Commission of New South Wales was abolished on 31 March, 1992 by the Industrial Relations Act, 1991 which established the Industrial Commission of New South Wales to carry out conciliation and duties and the Industrial Court took the judicial role.

The J S Battye Library of West Australian History came into being on 14 December 1956 (as the J S Battye Library of West Australian History and State Archives) and collects Western Australian documentary heritage material.

The Registrar of Friendly Societies was established in 1873 by the Friendly Societies Act. 1873 (37 Vic. No.4). Previously the registration and regulation of Friendly Societies was governed by English law and then by the Friendly Societies Act 1843. The new Act required that all copies of rules, certificates and documents for all types of Mutual Benefit Societies previously filed in the custody of the Clerk of the Peace were to be transferred to the Registrar of Friendly Societies. The Registrar was responsible for all mutual societies which included Friendly Societies, Benefit Building Loan and Investment Societies, and Co-operative Trading and Industrial Societies. The Friendly Societies Act, 1899 (Act No.31, 1899) repealed the Act of 1873, except the provisions relating to Benefit-Building Loan and Investment Societies, and Co-operative Trading and Industrial Societies. The Act provided for the appointment by the Governor of a Registrar of Friendly Societies. The functions of the Registrar were to prepare and circulate model account, balance-sheet, and valuation forms to societies; and to collect, collate, and publish financial statistics on each society. In 1902, the Registry of Co-operative Societies was established under the Building and Co-operative Societies Act, 1901 (Act No.17, 1902). Under the Act, the Registrar of Friendly Societies became the Registrar of Co-operative Societies. On 8 July 1936 the responsibility for registering trade unions was transferred from the Registrar of Friendly Societies to the Industrial Registrar under the Trade Union Amendment Act, 1936 (Act No. 23, 1936).

The Australian School of Pacific Administration was a tertiary institution established by the Australian Government to train administrators and school teachers to work in Papua New Guinea. It was formerly established by the Australian Army as the School of Civil Affairs in 1945. In March 1946, the School became a civil institution and renamed the Australian School of Pacific Administration which was located at Georges Heights, Mosman, NSW, and later to Middle Head. ASOPA operated under the Papua New Guinea Act in 1949 and continued to function as a responsibility of the Minister for External Territories till 1 December 1973 when it became the International Training Institute.

Joe Barr was born on 29 April 1941 in Preston, England. The family moved to Tanganyika (now Tanzania) in 1948 and then to Kampala, Uganda, in 1951. He went to school in in Dar-es-Salaam and Nairobi but left at the age of 15 to join the Royal Navy as a boy seaman. He left the Royal Navy in 1971 having served 12 years as aircrew (Observer/Navigator) in Fleet Air Arm helicopters in a variety of roles. He emigrated to Australia in 1971 and worked for 2 years as an Air Traffic Controller. In 1973 - 1974 he was an assistant office manager in Melbourne before moving to Canberra in 1974 to join the then Marine Operations Centre (later Australian Coastal Surveillance Centre) as a marine search and rescue coordinator. When he left the position in 1981, he was the Controller (Operational Manager) and he then joined the National Disasters Organisation (later Emergency Management Australia) as a planning officer.
Transferred to the Refugees and Disasters Section of what is now AusAID in the early 1980s, he worked as an overseas disasters liaison officer with special interests in the development of disaster management assistance to Pacific countries. He was involved in Australian aid support programs following regional disasters in Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Fiji, Papua New Guinea and Samoa as well as Cambodia. In 1994 he returned to Emergency Management Australia (EMA) as the Director of Policy, Planning and Operations and spent periods acting as Director General. Set up in 1974 to coordinate national disaster management, EMA was an independent, low-profile organisation of about 70 personnel in Canberra and the Australian Department of Defence, answering directly to the Minister for Defence, Robert Ray.

In 1995, Joe Barr was nominated by Australia to become the first Australian member of the international UNDAC (United Nations Disaster Assistance and Coordination) Team. In 1996, he retired from the Public Service to set up 'Pacific Emergency Management Associates', based in Canberra (ACT) as a consultancy agency, which he ran until his retirement in 2007. During this period he participated in UNDAC post-disaster missions to the Seychelles (flood), Papua New Guinea (tsunami and drought), Turkey, Afghanistan, Indonesia, India (earthquake) and East Timor (post Indonesian departure).

Other consultancies were to the European Union, AusAID, the United Nations Development Program and other UN Agencies, USAID, Emergency Management Australia, various Pacific regional organisations, mostly involved in training and development activities, including developing manuals, project design and workshop planning. He developed the first Australian disaster management assistance programs for Pacific countries and worked in Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga, Samoa, Cook Islands, Wallis and Futuna, New Caledonia, French Polynesia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Palau, Philippines, East Timor, Kenya, Uganda, Eritrea and Ethiopia.

John Duffield went to Papua New Guinea as a cadet Patrol Officer in 1962 when he was 18 years old. His first posting was to the Central District where he was posted to Tapini, Woitape and Port Moresby. In 1964 he went to Manus District and spent his time at Tulu Base Camp and Lorengau. He became a Patrol Officer and a Magistrate for Native Matters. After Manus, he was posted in 1966 to Ioma Patrol Post in the Northern District and after leave in mid 1968, John was posted to Lorengau and Kokoda and became an Assistant District Officer. He was then posted to Tufi where he was made acting Assistant District Commissioner. After leaving Tufi in January 1970, John became a Political Education Officer and his work in Papua New Guinea from then on involved preparing the country for Self Government and Independence. In 1971 he married his wife Rowena, who was a teacher in Lorengau, and the two were transferred to the Southern Highlands District in 1972 where he became a District Government Liaison Officer. In the Southern Highlands he worked with groups of people conducting seminars and courses about Self Government and the work of the Constitutional Planning Committee, and he was away from his family for at least half of his time. In 1974 he and Rowena were posted to the Gulf District and John's major programs were Independence, The Purari Project and Provincial Government. John was the Executive Officer for the Gulf Independence Day Committee.

John and Rowena Duffield left an Independent Papua New Guinea in June 1976.

John Duffield became the acting Assistant District Commissioner for the Tufi Sub-District from 1969 to early 1970. By this time his role was broadening to include community development, community education and training. In January 1970 he took up duties as a District Political Education Officer for the Northern District, which involved carrying out political education courses for councillors, village leaders, high school students, Christian missions, social workers and public servants. He was transferred to the Southern Highlands District in February 1972 as the District Government Liaison Officer, a role responsible for setting up a consultative network for advising the Constitutional Planning Committee. Before leaving Papua New Guinea in 1976 he was the Executive Officer for the Districts Independence celebrations.

Rowena Duffield, John’s wife, trained as a teacher at ASOPA in 1968/69 and conducted adult education classes in Mendi Town.

George H Gadbois (Jr) was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1936. He received his BA from Marietta College, Ohio, USA and his PhD from Duke University at Durham, North Carolina, USA. He is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Kentucky, Lexington USA where he was a member of the Political Science Department from 1966 until his retirement in 1991.

For over half a century his research interest was comparative politics and judicial behaviour in South Asia and under a Fulbright research fellowships he conducted research in Papua New Guinea and India. His research findings on the Supreme Court of India appeared in various journals and publications since the 1960s. He is the author of the book ‘Judges of the Supreme Court of India: 1950-1989’, which essays the background and life of the first ninety three judges who served the Supreme Court from 1950 to 1989. He has also authored many other articles and book chapters dealing with Indian courts, judges, judicial behaviour and judicial policy-making, dating back to 1963.

In late 1974 he studied the political situation in Papua New Guinea in the years leading up to Independence in 1975. He wrote two papers, ‘Elections in Papua New Guinea: a search for a framework of analysis’ (1977), and ‘The representative roles and accountability of legislators in Papua New Guinea’ (1978) in which he drew on the research he conducted in Papua New Guinea during the second half of 1974. The subject of his research involved 73 backbenchers of the Papua New Guinea House of Assembly. They were interviewed using questions contained in the Interview Schedule for Legislators.

Francis (Frank) John Gosson was born at Macksville, New South Wales, on 28 June 1919. During World War II, he served with the 53rd Battalion from 19 February 1940 through to 7 June 1943. In 1942 he was involved in action against the Japanese near Port Moresby and salvaged a series of photographs, which predated the war, from an abandoned house near Rouna Falls. Frank Gosson gave the photographs to an ex Papua New Guinea Patrol Officer (KIAP), Robert Cruikshank, who referred them to the National Archives of Australia. The National Archives of Australia transferred the collection to the Pacific Research Archives in 2012.

A Registrar was appointed to the Court of Industrial Arbitration and given the power to appoint such officers as may be required under the Industrial Arbitration Act, No. 59 of 1901. This Act was placed under the administration of the Department of Attorney General and Justice from 12 December 1901.(1) The Registry was known as the Industrial Arbitration Office and was responsible for determining applications for permits to work less than award rates, receipt of applications for determination by the Court and carrying out the orders of the Court.(2)

The Industrial Disputes 1908 (Act, No. 3, 1908) provided for the constitution of boards to determine the conditions of employment in industries. In addition to the duties previously mentioned, the Registrar became responsible for the executive work connected with the constitution and control of the boards. There were 213 of these boards by 1912.(3)

The Industrial Arbitration Act,1912 (Act No. 17, 1912) provided for the constitution of a Court of Arbitration as well as that of the boards. This Act was placed under the administration of the then Department of Labour and Industry on 17 April 1912 and the Industrial Registrar classed as Permanent Head of the Department(4). This Act also allowed for the constitution of Conciliation Committees by the Minister. These Committees applied to colliery districts only and had the power to look into any industrial matter regarding coal or metalliferous mining within its district. The Industrial Registrar became responsible for some of the administrative work connected with the Conciliation Committees.

The Industrial Commission was appointed under the Industrial Arbitration (Amendment) Act, 1926 (Act No. 14, 1926), assuming the powers and duties of the Court of Arbitration and the NSW Board of Trade. The Industrial Registrar continued to provide administrative support to this body. The boundaries of Conciliation Committees were extended under this legislation, no longer being restricted to the colliery industry. A Conciliation Commissioner was appointed under the Industrial Arbitration Amendment Act, 1932 (Act No. 39, 1932). This position assumed the powers and duties of the Deputy Commissioner as well as those of any chairman of a Conciliation Committee.

On 1 July 1936 the Industrial Registrar became responsible for registering trade unions as well as industrial unions, a duty which had previously been performed by the Registrar of Friendly Societies under the Trade Union Act, 1881. This change was directed by the Trade Union (Amendment) Act, 1926 (Act No.23, 1936).

The Industrial Arbitration Act, 1991 (Act No.34, 1991) changed the way in which unions were registered. Instead of being registered as a "Trade Union" under the Trade Union Act, 1881 or as an "industrial union" under the Industrial Arbitration Act, 1940 they were registered as "organisations". There are three types of organisations, industrial organisations of employers, industrial organisations of employees and non-industrial organisations. The Industrial Register was responsible for administering this and was required to submit an annual report(5).

In 1997 the Registry was situated under the administration of the Department of Industrial Relations (the former Department of Labour and Industry), as of 6 April 1995. It served the Industrial Relations Commission of New South Wales as well as industrial organisations, employers and employees, members of the legal profession and lay industrial advocates. The duties of the Registry included providing support to the Industrial Relations Commission of New South Wales, registering enterprise agreements, registering industrial unions, publishing awards and administering the Employment Protection Act 1982.(6)

In 1853 the Registrar-General's Department was established under the provisions of the Births, Deaths and Marriages Act 16 Victoria, No. 2 (1853). The department carried out a range of functions including the collection of census and statistics; registering of livestock, licence liens on agricultural land, naturalizations, hospitals, banks, companies, patents, copyright, printing presses and types, powers of attorney, Parliamentory electors and land titles. By 1873 a new agency, the Office of the Registrar-General and Office of Titles, had assumed responsibility for the functions previously undertaken separately by the Registrar-General's Department and the Office of Titles. In 1958 the registration of companies was subsequently transferred to the Registrar of Companies and the Companies Office.

The PIGS Newsletter was published by the Pacific Islands Liaison Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University. The Pacific Islands Liaison Centre was set up in March/April 1994 (previously named the Pacific Islands Group), with Convenor, Stephen Henningham. and Administered (edited) by Allison Ley. Newsletter holdings: No 9, May 1994 - No 13 May 1996 (in one Type 2 box).

The Registrar General's Office of New South Wales was responsible for the registration of wills, deeds, land transactions and births, deaths and marriages between 1844 and 1975, and for the registration of companies from 1874 to 1962. In 1975 with the establishment of a separate agency for the registration of births, deaths and marriages, the office ceased to exist though the Lands Titles Office continued to use the name until 1985.

The Australian National University was established by an Act of the Federal Parliament in 1946 and is governed by a Council. Its founding mission was to be of enduring significance in the post-war life of the nation, to support the development of national unity and identity, to improve Australia's understanding of itself and its neighbours, and to contribute to economic development and social cohesion. Its mandate was to undertake 'postgraduate research and study both generally and in relation to subjects of national importance'. This national mission gives the University a distinctive relationship with the Australian Federal Government. It was Australia's only full-time research university with four initial Research Schools (Physical Sciences, Medical Research, Social Sciences and Pacific Studies). Undergraduate courses have been taught since 1960, when it amalgamated with Canberra University College.

Robin Cooke was an Australian volcanologist, employed by the Australian Bureau of Mineral Resources (BMR), and seconded to Papua New Guinea at the Rabaul Observatory from 1971 to 1979 as a Senior Government Volcanologist . Cooke and a colleague, Elias Ravian, were were killed on 8 March 1979 by gas eminating from the Karkar volcano, which had been producing low level eruptions from January 1979. Camped at an observation post near the Volcano and

The Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for Greenhouse Accounting was established in July 1999 with a seven year grant, and was located at the Australian National University. The centre carried out research in soil science, ecosystem ecology, remote sensing, ecophysiology, ecological modelling, forestry, agroecosystem ecology, education and science-policy interface.

Don Parker was New South Wales President of the Postal Linemen's Union, and on amalgamation in 1925, became a member of the Federal Executive of the Amalgamated Postal Linesmen, Sorters and Letter Carriers Union, which became the Amalgamated Postal Workers' Union in 1926. He held this position until 1928 and was also New South Wales President 1926 - 1929. He was elected as Assistant General Secretary of the Union 1931 - 1934 and then General President, a post that he held from 1934 to 1947.

This firm of insurance brokers was established in 1886 by Archibald Benjamin Pursell and registered in 1903 as AB Pursell and Company. In 1920, by then operating in both Sydney and Brisbane, it reconstituted as AB Pursell and Sons Ltd. In 1974 the company was acquired by Manor Holdings Limited, Australia and in 1975 by Alexander Howden Insurance Brokers (Australia) Limited.

Amirah Inglis was born on 7 December 1926 in Brussels and migrated to Melbourne in 1929. She was educated at MacRobertson Girls' High School and graduated from the University of Melbourne with a BA Hons in history, later studying at Canberra University College. Inglis was a member of the Communist Party of Australia from 1945-1962. From 1948 to 1950 she worked on the Communist weekly, The Guardian. She has worked as a Librarian, research assistant and as a teacher in Australia and Papua New Guinea. Inglis has written essays, articles and reviews including two books on Papua New Guinea, and Australians in the Spanish Civil War (Allen & Unwin, 1987) which she researched while at the Australian National University in 1986.

The origins of Burns, Philp and Company Limited can be traced to the partnership between James Burns and Robert Philp formed in 1876. The company was incorporated in Sydney on 21 April 1883 with Burns and Philp as joint Managing Directors until Philp resigned from the Board in 1892. By the end of the 1880s the company had branches in Townsville, Normanton, Burketown, Thursday Island, Cairns, Charters Towers, Sydney, Brisbane and London. By this date the interests of the company included merchandising, shipping with its own vessels, and as an agent for the Australasian United Steam Navigation Company (AUSN), and insurance, with the establishment of the North Queensland Insurance Company as a subsidiary in 1886. In 1886 Burns and Philp agreed to run a mail steamer from Thursday Island to Port Moresby where a branch was established in 1890. In 1889 the company diversified into plantation ownership with the formation of the Australasian New Hebrides Company which purchased about 80,000 acres of land in the New Hebrides. In the late 19th century and early 20th century the company extended its area of interest from Melanesia to the Central Pacific, Fiji, Tonga and Samoa. In 1908 a branch was established in Java at Samarang and in 1915 a branch in Wellington. Burns Philp Company of San Francisco Inc was set up in June 1917. To consolidate its interests in acquiring plantations, the company formed subsidiary companies to run and manage plantations. Hall Sound Co was formed in 1900, the Solomon Island Development Co in 1908, Shortland Island Plantations Ltd in 1910, Choiseul Plantations Ltd in 1911, New Britain Plantations Ltd and New Ireland Plantations Ltd were established in 1930, and Kulon Plantations Ltd and New Hanover Plantations Ltd in 1931. The company set up subsidiaries to control geographic areas of operations, the largest being Burns Philp (South Sea) Company Limited which was incorporated in March 1920. In 1946 two other major subsidiaries were established, Burns Philp (New Hebrides) Ltd, and Burns Philp (New Guinea) Ltd. Burns Philp (Norfolk Island) Ltd was set up in 1973. In the 1930s the company moved into urban retailing and established the company Penneys Ltd which was sold to Coles in 1956. From the 1960s the company's shipping activities declined following the Commonwealth Government's decision to withdraw the shipping subsidy. The company moved into the manufacture of food and beverages, photographic and electrical goods, vehicle sales and rental, distribution of home building materials, hardware, liquor wholesaling and provision of financial investment and trustee services. Takeovers have included A J Chown Holdings Limited (1973); Yencken Glass Industries Limited (1973); Ira Berk Limited (1976); Sun Electric Consolidated Limited (1976); Mauri Bros & Thomson Limited (1982); and Nock & Kirby Holdings Ltd (1983). The company was delisted from the Australian Stock Exchange in December 2006 having been acquired by Rank Group Australia Pty Limited.

The Unemployed People's Union organisation in Sydney first formed in Parramatta in 1978 to represent unemployed workers. The name was chosen because of the "Up You" acronym and its membership was drawn mostly from unemployed young people. An Inner City group of UPU formed soon after the Parramatta group.

Ted Steele received his PhD in Immunology in 1976 (University of Adelaide) for research on immunological mechanisms against diseases of microsal surfaces such as cholera. He then began a post-doctoral fellowship at the John Curtin School of Medical Research at the Australian National University, studying mechanisms of antibody diversity and anti-immune reactions. In 1977 this post-doctoral work continued at the Ontario Cancer Institute in Toronto, Canada (through to 1980) and during these years his interests in immunology became intimately involved with general evolutionary mechanisms as well as with the growth of knowledge and the philosophy of science. Steele’s work on the theory of evolution aroused considerable interest, criticism and controversy and, in 1980-1981 he spent a post-doctoral year in London (Clinical Research Centre, Harrow) where the controversy surrounding his studies reached a peak. In 1981 Steele returned to Australia to continue post-doctoral studies at the John Curtin School of Medical Research. In 1985 Steele took a lectureship at the University of Wollongong, where he was able to continue his work and to rise to the position of associate professor. From the late 1900s Steele began to publicly voice his concerns over the marking standards and academic management at the University and, on 26 February 2001, he was summarily dismissed from his tenured post of associate professor in the Department of Biological Sciences for 'breaking an employment relationship'. This ‘unfair dismissal’ issue was resolved on 6 July 2002 when Steele and the University of Wollongong came to a confidential agreement. Although little is known in regard to the settlement, Steele did not return to the University. Ted Steele was Honorary Visiting Fellow John Curtin School of Medical Research, 1986-2003 and Research School of Biological Sciences, 2003-2009 and, in 2010, Research Director of CY O'Connnor ERADE Village Foundation, Canning Vale, Western Australia.

Stephen Adolphe Wurm was born in Budapest, Hungary on 19 August 1922. Wurm completed his PhD in 1944 at the Oriental Institute of the University of Vienna in Turkic Languages and Anthropology. He was a lecturer in Altaic linguistics at the University of Vienna until 1951 then accepted a position in London to help set up the Central Asian Research Institute. In 1954 Wurm accepted a research fellowship in Oceanic Linguistics in the Anthropology Department of Sydney University and in 1957 accepted an appointment as Senior Fellow in Linguistics at the Australian National University. In 1961 he was a foundation member of the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies and became Chairman of the Linguistics Committee. In 1967 he was the first elected president of the Linguistic Society of Australia and the Australian representative on the UNESCO Comite International Permanent de Linguistes. When the new Department of Linguistics was established at the Research School of Pacific Studies, Wurm was appointed its first Professor and Head of Department. He retired in 1987 but remained actively involved in the field of linguistics right up until his death on 24 October 2001 in Canberra.

Christine Stewart was awarded a BA Hons degree from Sydney University, majoring in Anthropology and Indonesian & Malayan Studies, which was followed by a year's study in Jakarta before moving to Papua New Guinea, where she received a law degree at the University of Papua New Guinea. She then worked as a legal officer with the Papua New Guinea Law Reform Commission. Stewart was a PhD scholar in the Gender Relations Centre, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies and was awarded her PhD from ANU in July 2012 for her thesis ‘Pamuk na Poofta: criminalising consensual sex in Papua New Guinea’. Stewart co-edited the volume Engendering Violence in Papua New Guinea, with Margaret Jolly.

Kenneth Gillion was born in Palmerston North, New Zealand on 8 February 1929. In 1949 he graduated with a BA in History from Victoria University College of Wellington and two years later with an MA First Class Honours. In 1952 he was a Fulbright and Smith-Mundt Scholar and earned his second MA in International Relations from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. Gillion joined the New Zealand Department of External Affairs and New Zealand diplomatic service until moving to Canberra in 1955 as a graduate researcher at the Australian National University. His PhD, completed in 1958 formed the basis of Gillion's first book, Fiji's Indian migrants: a history to the end of indenture in 1920, published in 1962. After his doctorate he went on to work in the History Department at the University of Western Australia, 1958-1962; then at the University of Adelaide, 1963-1973; and as Senior Research Fellow, Research School of Pacific Studies, ANU from 1973 until his retirement in 1978.

Mary Anne Hutton was awarded an honorary doctorate degree in Literature in 1933 from the National University of Ireland. Hutton's translated manuscript of the Tain was published as The Tain: An Irish Epic Told in English Verse (Dublin: Maunsel, 1907).

The Royal Astronomical Societ (RAS) was established on 10 March 1820 with the first meeting of the Council and the Society in London. The Society assumed its name on 7 March 1831 after a Royal Charter was signed by William IV. The original objectives of the Society was the promotion of astronomy and geophysics. The Society's three main functions of maintaining a Library, organizing scientific meetings, and publishing journals continues.

The Australian Vice-Chancellors’ Committee (AVCC) dates back to May 1920, when Vice-Chancellors at Australia's then six universities met in Sydney and established a committee and secretariat. On 22 May 2007 the AVCC was replaced by Universities Australia as the peak body representing the university sector.

The University Co-operative Credit Society Ltd, was established by staff members of the Australian National University in 1965. The union, which was formed after almost two years of preparation by a special committee, was registered under the ACT Co-operative Credit Societies Ordinance, and was controlled by a board of honorary directors. In 1996 the University Co-operative Credit Society and Credit Union Canberra merged to form the Credit Union of Canberra.

Dr John Atchison graduated in 1968 from the University of New England, NSW. In 1973 he submitted his PhD thesis at ANU on 'Port Stephens and Goonoo Goonoo - A review of the early period of the Australian Agricultural Company, 1824-1849'. He was Lecturer at the Armidale College of Advanced Education, then became Professor in Australian History at the University of New England, a position he held until 2011. He was Chairman, Committee for Geographical Names in Australia and was on the Board of the International Council of Onomastic Sciences. He was also on the Editorial Advisory Board for the Cambridge University Press journal, Rural History: Economy, Society, Culture.

David Hegarty is a Visiting Fellow in the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia (SSGM) Program at ANU, having been Convenor of SSGM from 1998 – 2008.
David was Senior Lecturer and Chairman of the Political and Administrative Studies Department at the University of Papua New Guinea from 1970 – 1982, during a period of significant change as Papua New Guinea transitioned from colonial status to Independence. His wife, Susan Hegarty, taught English and History at the Port Moresby High School in the 1970s and early 1980s, and tutored in the Department of Extension Studies at the University of Papua New Guinea.

He has had considerable experience in the Australian government having held positions working on PNG and Pacific affairs in the Office of National Assessments, the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, in Foreign Affairs and Trade, and as the Australian High Commissioner to Samoa in the late 1990s. He was appointed to lead the international peace monitoring team in the Solomon Islands during that country’s inter-ethnic turbulence and disorder in the early 2000s.

Research and lecturing interests focussed on political change, the development of governing institutions and structures, and of popular participation in the processes of building a new state and nation. He has had a long standing academic interest in the politics of small island states having spent a year earlier in his career as a graduate scholar at the University of the West Indies in Jamaica.

Publications during his career have included an edited book on electoral politics in Papua New Guinea covering the first national elections following Independence; a long running political chronicle of Papua New Guinea through the 1970s to the mid-1980s; scholarly articles on political parties, local governance and development issues in Papua New Guinea and the Pacific Islands.

In 1876 John Paterson bought out partners Henry C Palmer and Briscoe Ray in the company Paterson, Ray, Palmer and Company and with James Robert Laing (previously with Laing and Webster) as partner, formed Paterson, Laing and Company. A London office was established in 1878 in Australian Avenue, St Giles without Cripplegate. In 1879, John Monro Bruce (resident partner of George Webster and Company) became a partner with the firm assuming the name Paterson, Laing and Bruce. In 1893 the partnership included Paterson, John Robert Laing (son of James), JM Bruce, George Williamson Bruce, John Glaister Paterson, and Thomas James Amour Clark. In 1897, JM Bruce acquired the other interests and converted the business to a limited liability company, Paterson, Laing and Bruce Limited. The company was registered in London in January 1898 with two branch houses in Melbourne and London. In 1899 the businesses Lark, Sons and Company Limited (Sydney) and R Lewis and Sons (Hobart) were acquired and a Sydney office established. In July 1901 the newly formed company Paterson, Laing and Bruce (1901) Limited took over the old company, registered in England, but in November 1903 the name reverted to Paterson, Laing and Bruce Limited. In February 1966, the company merged with Robert Reid and Company Limited to form Paterson, Reid and Bruce Limited, a direct subsidiary of Ralli Australia Proprietry Limited.

The Centre for the Mind was launched on August 1997 by neurologist and author Oliver Sacks, and was a joint venture of the Australian National University and the University of Sydney. The Centre headed by Professor Allan Snyder, with Nelson Mandela as the Millennium Fellow and Dr Oliver Sacks the Foundation Fellow focused on research into creativity, the brain and mind. The ANU Centre closed when Professor Snyder relocated to the University of Sydney at the end of 2006.

Early in 1999, the Board of the Australian Partnership for Advanced Computing (APAC) was established under the chairmanship of Professor David Beanland, followed with the appointment of the foundation Executive Director, Professor John O’Callaghan. APAC was formally launched late in 1999 through a partnership of organisations, and consortia of organisations to fund a National Facility and building of expertise and education programs in the use of advanced computing in research. APAC operated in two phases. Its first phase, funded largely from the Australian Research Council comprised the establishment of the National Facility— hosted through the ANU Supercomputing Facility. The second phase of APAC operations (2004–07) were funded through the System Infrastructure Initiatives of the Commonwealth Government. In 2007 APAC was replaced with the National Computational Infrastructure.

The Australian Committee of the Cambridge Commonwealth Trust was inaugurated at a meeting at Yarralumla convened by HRH the Prince of Wales in March 1983. Sir Mark Oliphant was appointed the first Chairman but resigned after a few months and was followed by Hon. Peter Howson who remained in the position until 1996. The Cambridge Australia Trust, as it became known, encouraged donations particularly from Cambridge graduates to fund scholarships for Australian students who wished to study at Cambridge University in England. Early donors to the trust included Kerry Packer of Australian Consolidated Press and Coles Myer Limited. Its funds are managed through the Australian National University. The association was incorporated in 2010 as Cambridge Australia Scholarships Limited, a not-for-profit company limited by guarantee.

Richard Gilson was born in Eugene, Oregon in 1925. He was awarded a Fullbright Scholarship to New Zealand in 1949 and was enrolled at the Victoria University College in Wellington where he began his studies of New Zealand, the Cook islands and Western Samoa. Gilson left Wellington in August 1950 and completed his Masters thesis on the Cook Islands at the London School of Economics. He was appointed Research Fellow, Department of Pacific History, Research School of Pacific Studies 1952-1957. Gilson died on 29 April 1963, as a result of a heart attack. His research on Samoa culminated in the book, Samoa 1830-1900, published posthumously in 1970. Gilson’s thesis on the Cook Islands was also prepared for publication as The Cook Islands 1820-1950 (1980).