Deposit Z629 - Australian Agricultural Company (Australian Office) deposit 9

Identity area

Reference code

AU NBAC Z629

Title

Australian Agricultural Company (Australian Office) deposit 9

Date(s)

  • 1912 - 1996 (Creation)

Level of description

Deposit

Extent and medium

63 cartons

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Name of creator

(1824 -)

Administrative history

The Australian Agricultural Company (AACo or The Company) was formed in London in April 1824. Its purpose was to raise fine woolled sheep and sell wool on the London market. The formation of the Company was supported by an Act of Parliament and a Royal Charter. Its directors and major shareholders included directors of the Bank of England, the East India Company and Members of Parliament; with assigned convicts given the roles of shepherding and general labour. The Company’s initial land grant was one million acres in New South Wales plus two thousand acres in Newcastle. After some uncertainty the land, in the colony, was in three blocks: 464,640 acres between Port Stephens and the Manning River (Port Stephens Estate), 249,600 acres on the Liverpool Plains west of Willow Tree (Warrah) and 313,298 acres at the Peel River south of Tamworth (Goonoo Goonoo). The AACo operated in four major NSW locations during the nineteenth century – Port Stephens, Tamworth, Quirindi, and Newcastle – and from the last quarter of the century also in Queensland and eventually in Northern Australia. Its interests expanded to include wool, wheat, cattle, coal and land sales.

Within a year of its formation the AACo also became involved in coal mining at Newcastle, taking over the government’s operations there. After protracted negotiations the Company’s first pit was opened in 1831.The discovery of gold in New South Wales on the Company’s Peel Estate led to the formation of the Peel River Land and Mineral Company in 1854. Between 1825 and 1862 the AACo, with the Peel River Land and Mineral Company, brought from Europe to New South Wales over 700 men to work either at the colliery in Newcastle or on the extensive pastoral estates at Port Stephens, Tamworth and the Liverpool Plains. The new arrivals were managers, skilled mechanics, shepherds, miners and labourers. The first group of employees was managed by the Company’s first Agent, Robert Dawson (Agent, 1824-1828). Dawson’s successors included Sir Edward Parry (Commissioner, 1830-1834); Henry Dumaresq (Commissioner, 1834-1838); Phillip Parker King (Commissioner, 1839-1849); followed by several General Superintendents with Jesse Gregson, the Company’s longest serving General Superintendent from 1875-1905.

In 1864 the AACo began the development of the Warrah Estate for sheep breeding, investing extensively in wells, bores and fencing. The AACo purchased Corona (near Longreach) in 1912; Bladensburg (near Winton) and Highfields (between Corona and Bladensburg) in 1915; Headingly (Urandangie) in 1916; before moving into the Northern Territory with the purchased of Avon Downs (Barkly Tablelands) in 1921. From the 1930s gradually phasing out sheep the AACo became increasingly involved in beef cattle, developing the Santa Gertrudis stud at Goonoo Goonoo and purchasing Rockhampton Downs (Barkley Tablelands NT) in 1948, Wrotham Park (near Chillagoe, Q) in 1963, Brunette Downs (north of Tennant Creek) in 1979.

In 1975 the London-based directors resigned and the Company’s tax domicile was transferred from London to Tamworth, NSW and then to Brisbane in 1985 following the sale of Goonoo Goonoo. From 1976 the Company’s name was listed on the Australian Stock Exchange as the Australian Agricultural Company Limited. In 1995 Elders Ltd acquired the AACo and it was delisted from the Australian Stock Exchange. The Company became a wholly owned subsidiary of Futuris Corporation Limited after Futuris took over Elders in 1997. The Company was re-listed in 2001.

Content and structure area

Scope and content

This deposit consists of all types of company records for the Australian Agricultural Company, for its stations and subsidiary companies: AA & P Joint Holdings Pty Ltd; Austcattle Holdings Pty Ltd; Blythe Brothers pty Ltd; Brighton Downs; Brunette Downs; Connor Doherty & Durack Pty Ltd; Cooper River Pastoral Co Pty Ltd; D K Gordon Pty Ltd; Fielder Downs (WA) Pty Limited; Goonoo Goonoo; Gregory Downs; Hann River Pastoral Co Pty Ltd; Headingly; James McLeish Estates Pty Ltd; Mount House Pastoral Company; Mount House and Glenroy Stations; Muttama; Naroo Pastoral Co Pty Ltd; NT Pastoral Co Pty Limited; Rockhampton Downs; The Gulf Cattle Company Pty Ltd; Tullin Tulla; Union Pastoral Investments Pty Ltd; Waxahachie Pty Ltd; Windy; Wondoola; Woodhouse and Wrotham Park. The records include financial records, wage summaries, minutes, annual reports, superannuation plan records, station records and monthly reports, correspondence, deeds, memoranda and articles of association, share certificates, statutory accounts, wage records and group certificates.

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Conditions governing access

Researchers must sign an access agreement. Records less than 30 years old are restricted and Archives staff will need to request permission from the owner of the records before access can be given.

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Note

The records of the Australian Agricultural Company are inscribed on the UNESCO Australian Memory of the World Register.

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Dates of creation revision deletion

Entered from deposit description on 27 March 2012

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